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The effects of mental, physical, and combination of these two trainings were investigated on cognitive performance, serum level of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and irisin in women diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Forty-four participants were randomized into 4 groups: physical training (PH; 8 weeks’ aerobic training, n = 11), mental training (ME; special computer gaming, n = 11), combined (PH + ME; n = 13), and control group (CO; n = 9).

Analysis of variance with Tukey post hoc test revealed a significant increase in working memory (P = .012) and BDNF (P = 0.024) in the ME compared with the CO group. Also the ME group in comparison with the PH group demonstrated better working memory (P = .014) and processing speed (P = .024).

Positive effect of mental training on the cognitive parameters, parallel with BDNF elevation, suggests …