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Advances in the research of nanoparticles (NPs) with controlled charge and size are driven by their potential application in the development of novel technologies and innovative therapeutics. This work reports the synthesis, characterization, and comprehensive biological evaluation of AgNPs functionalized by N,N,N-trimethyl-(11-mercaptoundecyl) ammonium chloride (TMA) and trisodium citrate (TSC). The prepared AgNPs were well characterized in terms of their morphological, spectroscopic and functional properties and biological activities. The implementation of several complementary techniques allowed not only the estimation of the average particle size (from 3 to 40 nm depending on the synthesis procedure used) but also the confirmation of the crystalline nature of the NPs and their round shape. To prove the usefulness of these materials in biological systems, cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in microbial and …