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The 19-kDa conserved C-terminal part of the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (PfMSP1₁₉) is a malaria vaccine candidate antigen, and human antibody responses to PfMSP1₁₉ have been associated with protection against clinical malaria. In this longitudinal study carried out in an area of stable but seasonal malaria transmission with an estimated parasite inoculation of about 20 infective bites/year, we monitored 266 3- to 15-year-old Ghanaian children clinically and parasitologically over a period of 18 months. Blood samples were collected at the beginning of the study before the major malaria season in April and after the season in November. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we measured antibody responses to recombinant gluthathioneS-transferase–PfMSP1₁₉ fusion proteins corresponding to the Wellcome and MAD20 allelic variants in these samples. Prevalence of antibodies …