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Growing dependence of industry and technology on fossil energy and increasing population encounters all countries with challenge of energy for future. Therefore, investigation about renewable energies, particularly solar energy is considered. The use of nanofluids in solar collectors offers better performance, as they are very efficient in transporting heat even under small temperature difference. The effect of Aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃)–water nanofluid, as working fluid, is used to evaluate the thermal efficiency of a flat plate solar collector, experimentally. A volume fraction of 0.1% for size of (13 nm and 20 nm) nanoparticles, respectively was used for this study. The mass flow rates of the nanofluid varied from 0.5 to 1.5 kg/min. Experiments were carried out using a stable nanofluid. The stability of nanofluid was obtained by controlling the pH of the solution. An ASHRAE Standard 93-2010 (R2014) was used to analyze …