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Studies of neoliberalism tend to polarize between two different interpretations of it: as an ideology or discourse entailing a particular description of individuals, society, nature and related issues, or as an economic-political process (globalization, the triumph of capitalism over the state, the expansion of economy over traditional politics). At the same time, Foucauldian and neo-Marxist readings of neoliberalism have often been depicted as incompatible (Barnett 2005). However, despite conceptual and methodological discrepancies, we concur with those who believe in the fruitfulness of theoretical cross-fertilizations (eg Larner 2003, Ward and England 2007, Jessop 2007). In this chapter we elaborate on the governmentality approach while at the same time benefiting from neo-Marxist insights into hegemony in order to explore a subtle yet profound change in the way social affairs are understood and organized vis-à …