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Methods

Study design and population The protocol of the MyBFF@ home study has been described previously [11]. MyBFF@ home was a quasi-experimental study designed to examine the effects of 12-month lifestyle modification among housewives living in low-cost flats in Klang Valley, Malaysia. A total of 328 women were recruited (159: control group; 169: intervention group) during baseline visit. The first 6 months was the weight-loss intervention phase followed by 6 months maintenance phase. At baseline, 243 complete blood samples (114 for the control group and 129 for the intervention group) were collected after excluding incomplete measurement, failure to attend for blood test and non-fasting participants. Data for blood analyses were collected from the intervention and control groups at baseline, 6-and 12-month. All participants provided informed consent prior to entry into the study.

Cardiometabolic markers assessment The participants were requested to fast for 10 h prior to the study visit. Blood was drawn by qualified nurses or medical assistant between 8 am to 10 am. The blood samples were transported on crushed ice to Institute for Medical Research (IMR) laboratory for processing. All samples were aliquoted into separate cryovials and stored at-80 C until further analysis. The blood