作者
Emmanuela Gakidou, Ashkan Afshin, Amanuel Alemu Abajobir, Kalkidan Hassen Abate, Cristiana Abbafati, Kaja M Abbas, Foad Abd-Allah, Abdishakur M Abdulle, Semaw Ferede Abera, Victor Aboyans, Laith J Abu-Raddad, Niveen ME Abu-Rmeileh, Gebre Yitayih Abyu, Isaac Akinkunmi Adedeji, Olatunji Adetokunboh, Mohsen Afarideh, Anurag Agrawal, Sutapa Agrawal, Hamid Ahmadieh, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Miloud Taki Eddine Aichour, Amani Nidhal Aichour, Ibtihel Aichour, Rufus Olusola Akinyemi, Nadia Akseer, Fares Alahdab, Ziyad Al-Aly, Khurshid Alam, Noore Alam, Tahiya Alam, Deena Alasfoor, Kefyalew Addis Alene, Komal Ali, Reza Alizadeh-Navaei, Ala'a Alkerwi, François Alla, Peter Allebeck, Rajaa Al-Raddadi, Ubai Alsharif, Khalid A Altirkawi, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Azmeraw T Amare, Erfan Amini, Walid Ammar, Yaw Ampem Amoako, Hossein Ansari, Josep M Antó, Carl Abelardo T Antonio, Palwasha Anwari, Nicholas Arian, Johan Ärnlöv, Al Artaman, Krishna Kumar Aryal, Hamid Asayesh, Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom, Tesfay Mehari Atey, Leticia Avila-Burgos, Euripide Frinel G Arthur Avokpaho, Ashish Awasthi, Peter Azzopardi, Umar Bacha, Alaa Badawi, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Shoshana H Ballew, Aleksandra Barac, Ryan M Barber, Suzanne L Barker-Collo, Till Bärnighausen, Simon Barquera, Lars Barregard, Lope H Barrero, Carolina Batis, Katherine E Battle, Blair R Baumgarner, Bernhard T Baune, Justin Beardsley, Neeraj Bedi, Ettore Beghi, Michelle L Bell, Derrick A Bennett, James R Bennett, Isabela M Bensenor, Adugnaw Berhane, Derbew Fikadu Berhe, Eduardo Bernabé, Balem Demtsu Betsu, Mircea Beuran, Addisu Shunu Beyene, Anil Bhansali, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Burcu Kucuk Bicer, Boris Bikbov, Charles Birungi, Stan Biryukov, Christopher D Blosser, Dube Jara Boneya, Ibrahim R Bou-Orm, Michael Brauer, Nicholas JK Breitborde, Hermann Brenner, Traolach S Brugha, Lemma Negesa Bulto Bulto, Zahid A Butt, Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado, Rosario Cárdenas, Juan Jesus Carrero, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Ferrán Catalá-López, Kelly Cercy, Hsing-Yi Chang, Fiona J Charlson, Odgerel Chimed-Ochir, Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa, Abdulaal A Chitheer, Hanne Christensen, Devasahayam Jesudas Christopher, Massimo Cirillo, Aaron J Cohen, Haley Comfort, Cyrus Cooper, Josef Coresh, Leslie Cornaby, Paolo Angelo Cortesi, Michael H Criqui, John A Crump, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, José das Neves, Gail Davey, Dragos V Davitoiu, Kairat Davletov, Barbora de Courten, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Louisa Degenhardt, Selina Deiparine, Robert P Dellavalle, Kebede Deribe, Aniruddha Deshpande, Samath D Dharmaratne, Eric L Ding, Shirin Djalalinia, Huyen Phuc Do, Klara Dokova, David Teye Doku, Aaron van Donkelaar, E Ray Dorsey, Tim R Driscoll, Manisha Dubey, Bruce Bartholow Duncan, Sarah Duncan
发表日期
2017/9/16
期刊
The Lancet
卷号
390
期号
10100
页码范围
1345-1422
出版商
Elsevier
简介
Background
The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of risk factor exposure and attributable burden of disease. By providing estimates over a long time series, this study can monitor risk exposure trends critical to health surveillance and inform policy debates on the importance of addressing risks in context.
Methods
We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), by age group, sex, year, and location for 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2016. This study included 481 risk-outcome pairs that met the GBD study criteria for convincing or probable evidence of causation. We extracted relative risk (RR) and …
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