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Purpose Resveratrol has shown promising anti-inflammatory effects in in vitro and animal studies. We aimed to investigate this effect on arterial inflammation in vivo.

Methods This was an additional analysis of a double-blind randomized crossover trial which included eight male subjects with decreased insulin sensitivity who underwent an ¹⁸F-fluoroxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) PET/CT after 34 days of placebo and resveratrol treatment (150 mg/day). ¹⁸F-FDG uptake was analyzed in the carotid arteries and the aorta, adipose tissue regions, spleen, and bone marrow as measures for arterial and systemic inflammation. Maximum target-to-background ratios (TBR_max) were compared between resveratrol and placebo treatment with the non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Median values are shown with their interquartile range.

Results Arterial ¹⁸F-FDG uptake was non-significantly higher after resveratrol treatment …