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This study examined whether d -cycloserine, a partial agonist at the N -methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) glutamatergic receptor, enhances the efficacy of behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating d -cycloserine versus placebo augmentation of behavior therapy was conducted in 23 OCD patients. Patients first underwent a diagnostic interview and pretreatment evaluation, followed by a psychoeducational/treatment planning session. Then they received 10 behavior therapy sessions. Treatment sessions were conducted twice per week. One hour before each of the behavior therapy sessions, the participants received either d -cycloserine, 100 mg, or a placebo. Relative to the placebo group, the d -cycloserine …