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New onset diabetes patients are a high-risk group for pancreatic cancer. Since pancreatic cancer is responsible for less than 1% of new-onset diabetes cases, testing all of them might lead to an unfavorable risk/benefit balance. Additional risk factors can contribute to a better definition of the population that needs further screening. Currently, 22 studies examining additional risk factors have been published, but often they have a limited number of participants for the individual risk factor. By pooling their results in a meta-analysis, we could establish the magnitude of several risk factors. We found that pancreatic cancer cases were older than controls by 6.14 years (CI 3.64–8.65, 11 studies). Among new-onset diabetes patients, the highest risk of pancreatic cancer involved a family history of pancreatic cancer (3.78, CI 2.03–7.05, 4 studies), pancreatitis (5.66, CI 2.75–11.66, 9 studies), gallstones (2.5, CI 1.4–4.45, 4 studies), weight loss (2.49, CI 1.47–4.22, 4 studies), and high/rapidly increasing glycemia (2.33, CI 1.85–2.95, 4 studies) leading to more insulin use (4.91, CI 1.62–14.86, 5 studies). Risk factors or symptoms were distinct in the new-onset diabetes patient group. They are strongly connected to pancreatic cancer and are ideal for targeted screening, using a score or model as the first step.

(1) Background: Patients with new-onset diabetes (NOD) are at risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but the most relevant additional risk factors and clinical characteristics are not well established. (2) Objectives: To compare the risk for PDAC in NOD patients to persons without diabetes …