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Provides an overview of the developmental epidemiology of mental disorders in childhood and adolescence. Median rate of prevalence estimates was 18% with 3/4 of prevalence estimates ranging between 15 and 22%. Mental disorders in children and adolescents were as frequent as those in adults. The most frequent disorders were anxiety disorders with a mean prevalence rate of 10.4%, followed by conduct disorders with a mean prevalence rate of 7.5%. The overall persistence of mental disorders was as high as 50%, with conduct disorders showing the most unfavorable courses. The most frequent comorbid conditions of hyperkinetic disorders were conduct disorders, and the most frequent comorbid conditions of depressive disorders were anxiety disorders. Until age 13, mental disorders were more prevalent in boys, prevalences became similar for both sexes in adolescence. Boys showed higher rates of …