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Context: Ketorolac is one of the most potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is an attractive alternative to opioids for pain management.

Objective: Development and evaluation of transdermal ketorolac film forming polymeric solution.

Materials and methods: Eudragits^® RLPO, RSPO and E100 as well as polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 dissolved in ethanol were used as film forming solutions. In vitro experiments were conducted to optimize formulation parameters. Different permeation enhancers were monitored for potentiality of enhancing drug permeation across excised pigskin.

Results: The use of 10% oleic acid, Lauroglycol^® 90 or Azone^® with 5% Eudragit^® RSPO, showed the highest enhancement effect on ketorolac skin permeation and showed faster analgesic effect compared to the ketorolac tablet. The formula comprising 5% Eudragit^® RSPO and 10% Lauroglycol^® 90 showed the greatest …