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To develop a novel system for patient‐specific combined optimization of couch, collimator, and gantry angles for use in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatment planning. The system was designed to produce highly compact dose distributions by extensively sampling the 4π space. Automated fixed couch trajectory planning was used to reduce normal tissue doses by avoiding beams‐eye‐view (BEV) overlap with organs‐at‐risk (OARs) and improve monitor unit (MU) efficiency through collimator angle optimization.

By merging distinct BEV objective functions used to optimize the couch rotation angle and collimator angle, a three‐dimensional (3D) cost space (the CODA cube) was constructed with axes of gantry, couch, and collimator rotation angles. At each voxel in this CODA cube, the cost of implementing this combination of axes positions in fixed couch trajectories was quantified …