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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 2 anesthetic agents on myocardial perfusion and coronary reserve in rats under resting and stress conditions with small animal PET. Twenty-four rest/stress studies were performed in 6 rats. Each animal received all 4 possible combinations of anesthetic agents (propofol, isoflurane) and pharmacologic stress agents (dobutamine, adenosine) to increase myocardial perfusion. For each stress or rest study, a 10-min dynamic acquisition was performed in list mode with 185 MBq of ¹³N-NH₃. Data analysis was performed according to a 3-compartment myocardial blood flow model. Pharmacologic stimulation by either dobutamine or adenosine was performed to increase myocardial perfusion. The perfusion values (mean ± SD) for the various experimental conditions were as follows: propofol/dobutamine, 7.8 ± 2.4 mL/g/min (rest, 3.7 ± 0.8 mL/g/min …