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Background Proteinase‐activated receptors (PAR)‐2 are members of the family of G‐protein‐coupled receptors activated by proteases. These receptors are widely expressed in several tissues and in virtually all cells involved in rhinitis and asthma. In particular, proteinases activating PAR‐2 may affect airway functions and play a role in human diseases.

Objective Assessment of the role of PAR‐2 in bronchoconstriction, airway responsiveness and immune response after allergic challenge, in rabbits sensitized to Par j 1, the major allergen of Parietaria judaica pollen.

Methods Evaluation of antigen challenge in rabbits treated with PAR‐2‐activating peptide (PAR‐2AP) (SLIGRL) or the scrambled peptide LSIGRL or vehicle immediately before allergen exposure measuring airway responsiveness. Characterization of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) following histamine challenge and phenotype analysis of …