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Seven endosymbiotic actinobacteria were isolated from sand truffles (Terfezia leonis Tul.) harvested in the Hassi R’Mel region of the Algerian Sahara. Morphological characteristics and chemotaxonomical analysis indicated that all isolates were members of the Streptomyces genus. All the isolated actinobacteria were initially screened in vitro for antifungal capacities, chitinolytic activities, siderophore production, and synthesis of plant-growth regulators (indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellic acid). The isolate Streptomyces sp. TL7 exhibited a remarkable profile with positive results in all trials, while the others showed variable responses to assays. In vivo trials were then carried out with the isolates to evaluate their root colonization abilities and plant-growth-promoting potential on tomato (cv. Marmande) seedlings. The results showed that all these Streptomyces strains could be isolated successfully from inside …