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Background and Objective:  Inflammatory cytokines are thought to trigger periodontal tissue destruction. In addition to being regulated by anti‐inflammatory mediators, their activity is under the control of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS), which down‐regulate the signal transduction as part of an inhibitory feedback loop. We therefore investigated the expression of SOCS‐1, ‐2 and ‐3, and the cytokines tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐10, in different forms of human periodontal diseases.

Material and Methods:  Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RealTime‐PCR) was performed with mRNA from gingival biopsies of control subjects and from that of patients with chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis.

Results:  Our results show that patients with chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis exhibit significantly higher SOCS‐1, ‐2 and ‐3, TNF‐α and interleukin‐10 mRNA expression …