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A better understanding of femoral neck structure and age‐related bone loss will benefit research aimed at reducing fracture risk. We used the natural variation in robustness (bone width relative to length) to analyze how adaptive processes covary traits in association with robustness, and whether the variation in robustness affects age‐related bone loss patterns. Femoral necks from 49 female cadavers (29–93 years of age) were evaluated for morphological and tissue‐level traits using radiography, peripheral quantitative computed tomography, micro–computed tomography, and ash‐content analysis. Femoral neck robustness was normally distributed and varied widely with a coefficient of variation of 14.9%. Age‐adjusted partial regression analysis revealed significant negative correlations (p < 0.05) between robustness and relative cortical area, cortical tissue‐mineral density (Ct.TMD), and trabecular bone …