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Crocus sativus L. (C. sativus) or saffron is used as an herbal medicine in various diseases and health problems including amenorrhea, coughs, asthma, as well as cardiovascular and stomach disorders. The relaxant effect of saffron on smooth muscles could be the base of some therapeutic effects of the plant. The plant is rich in carotenoids, and its main components are crocin, safranal, crocetin, and kaempferol. Medline/PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase, Google Scholar, Chemical Abstracts, and Biological Abstracts databases were searched using keywords including Crocus sativus, crocetin, saffron, safranal, crocin, relaxant effects, and smooth muscles from 1964 until the end of December 2018. C. sativus (saffron) and its component relaxant effect on smooth muscles of various organs, including blood vessels, trachea, gastrointestinal, and urogenital, have been shown. The effects of …