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The kidney is a common target for toxic xenobiotics due to its capacity to extract and concentrate toxic substances by highly specialized cells and also, due to its large blood flow. The present work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different natural materials (curcumin, rosemary and propolis) against the histological and also biochemical alterations of gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in guinea pigs. 48 guinea pigs were used for this study and divided into 8 groups. The first 4 groups were control groups, the 5th group was the experimental and administered gentamicin at a dose of 100 mg/kg body wt for 10 days, and in the 6th, 7th, and 8th groups, gentamicin was co-administered with curcumin, rosemary, and propolis at the doses of 200 mg, 220 mg, and 100 mg/kg body wt respectively. The animals were sacrificed and the kidneys were dissected and specimens were obtained. The specimens were processed for light microscopic examinations. Blood samples were obtained for assessment of urea, creatinine and uric acid levels. In gentamicin treated animals, there were structural changes. The proximal convoluted tubules showed degenerated epithelial lining with disruption of their brush borders and presence of epithelial debris inside their lumens. The renal corpuscle appeared with degeneration of the glomerulus and disrupted Bowman's capsule. The afferent arteriole showed thickening in its wall and degeneration of endothelial lining with extensive perivascular infiltration of inflammatory cells. Massive interstitial hemorrhage was seen. Also, the serum urea, creatinine, and uric acid were elevated …