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Erlotinib was recently approved in British Columbia (BC) as a second-line treatment for advanced NSCLC. A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted which compares costs and effectiveness in patients who received second-line erlotinib with those in patients who received docetaxel.

In a population of patients who have been treated with drugs (either erlotinib or docetaxel) for advanced NSCLC, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and probability of survival 1 year after beginning of second-line treatment (1YS) were determined using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard analysis, as well as χ² test. Costs were collected retrospectively from the perspective of the BC health care system.

Incremental mean OS was 1 day, and incremental mean cost was $2891. Neither costs nor effectiveness were statistically significantly different between groups. PFS and 1YS were …