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Algae are generally accepted as an excellent option for greenhouse gas control, but the ecological niche of algal CO₂ bio-fixation is not completely understood today. This study showed an excellent CO₂ uptake rate of 159 mgL⁻¹day⁻¹ and CO₂ consumption efficiency of 93% in comparison to the continuously stirred tank reactor (178 mgL⁻¹day⁻¹ and 96%). Thus, the experimental ecosystem that imitated the freshwater algal niche had a similar CO₂ uptake performance to the artificial ideal mixing reactor prototype. To investigate terrestrial plants as a carbon sink, we compared CO₂ fixation rates among species, geographic areas, plant ages, and lignin contents; in the tropical zone, forest plantations had higher growth rates, higher lignin content, and higher CO₂ uptake rates. In addition, natural forests and old plantations had the highest CO₂ consumption efficiency. Furthermore, we found that algae had the …