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Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are a special population group, which often present associated infections, requiring antimicrobian therapy. The study concerned the surveillance of pharmacotherapy of ciprofloxacin administered in patients diagnosed with CKD and associated infections, to increase the efficiency of therapy and to avoid toxicity of the drug substance. The prospective, open pharmacokinetic study, was conducted over a 15 months interval and was carried out on 29 patients diagnosed with CKD for which the plasmatic and urinary concentration of ciprofloxacin was determined using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC), following the oral administration of the drug. The efficiency of ciprofloxacin therapy was assessed according to the clinical, para-clinical, pharmacokinetic and toxic criteria. The most significant proportion of side effects was recorded in patients with CKD stage 3 (n= 10). We have discovered correlations between ciprofloxacin individual half-life and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)(p= 0.022), as well as the percentage of the urinary cleared drug in 24 hours and the level of serum creatinine (p= 0.024). Furthermore, it was recorded that the values of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)(p= 0.033) and total cholesterol (p= 0.001) were lower after ciprofloxacin therapy. In order to enhance the efficacy of ciprofloxacin in CKD patients, a dose decrease is required and not a shortening of the interval of administration, even at patients in the early stages of illness, to avoid side effects. Using the assessment of individual pharmacokinetic values of the studied patients, the study group …