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Drug discovery and development is a high-risk, expensive endeavor and it commonly takes about 10− 15 years to obtain marketing approval from project inception. 1 Research efforts during the early stages of the process aim to generate and support pharmaceutically relevant hypotheses, for example, that the inhibition or activation of a protein or pathway will have a positive therapeutic effect in a particular disease state. These studies lead to the selection of a target, which is then thoroughly explored to identify a drug-like small molecule or biological therapeutic that can be advanced into preclinical and clinical development and ultimately approved and marketed as a medicine. 2, 3

Drugs can only elicit their full benefit if they are present in the vicinity of the target to which they bind at high enough concentrations for an appropriate amount of time. To understand the complex biochemical interactions between drugs …