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Although surgical resection has produced better results than other therapies for local control of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the long term results have not been satisfactory because of a low disease‐free survival rate. The effects of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on improving disease‐free survival of HCC after hepatectomy has remained controversial.

The current study was retrospective survey of 1725 patients who had hepatectomy for HCC between January 1990 and December 1995 and had follow‐up data for 1457 cases. The follow‐up rate was 84.5%. The significant prognostic factors were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards survival model, and the disease‐free survival was calculated by Kaplan–Meier estimation. Among 1457 cases, 120 patients underwent preoperative TACE and were divided into a one time TACE group, over two …