作者
F Kapczinski, PVS Magalhães, V Balanzá‐Martinez, VV Dias, S Frangou, CS Gama, A Gonzalez‐Pinto, I Grande, K Ha, M Kauer‐Sant'Anna, M Kunz, R Kupka, M Leboyer, C Lopez‐Jaramillo, RM Post, JK Rybakowski, J Scott, S Strejilevitch, M Tohen, G Vazquez, L Yatham, E Vieta, Michael Berk
发表日期
2014/11
来源
Acta psychiatrica scandinavica
卷号
130
期号
5
页码范围
354-363
简介
Objective
We discuss the rationale behind staging systems described specifically for bipolar disorders. Current applications, future directions and research gaps in clinical staging models for bipolar disorders are outlined.
Method
We reviewed the literature pertaining to bipolar disorders, focusing on the first episode onwards. We systematically searched data on staging models for bipolar disorders and allied studies that could inform the concept of staging.
Results
We report on several dimensions that are relevant to staging concepts in bipolar disorder. We consider whether staging offers a refinement to current diagnoses by reviewing clinical studies of treatment and functioning and the potential utility of neurocognitive, neuroimaging and peripheral biomarkers.
Conclusion
Most studies to date indicate that globally defined late‐stage patients have a worse overall prognosis and poorer response to standard …
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F Kapczinski, PVS Magalhães, V Balanzá‐Martinez… - Acta psychiatrica scandinavica, 2014