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Hydrothermolysis pretreated switchgrass at 200°C for 10min was used in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process using five thermotolerant yeast strains Kluyveromyces marxianus IMB 1, IMB 2, IMB 3, IMB 4, and IMB 5 at 45°C and Saccharomyces cerevisiae D₅A at 37°C. SSF was carried out for 7d using 5, 10, and 15FPU/g glucan to determine the effect of decreasing cellulase loading on ethanol yield. The effect of initial pH on SSF by S. cerevisiae D₅A was also investigated. Fermentation by K. marxianus IMB 1, IMB 2, IMB 4, and IMB 5 ceased by 72h and fermentation by K. marxianus IMB 3 ceased by 96h, while fermentation S. cerevisiae D₅A continued for 7d. At 96 and 120h, IMB 3 and S. cerevisiae D₅A had similar ethanol yields while the other K. marxianus strains were lower at a 95% confidence level. Final ethanol yields for IMB 3, IMB 1, IMB 5 strains were similar to one another …