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Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a neurohormone, which regulates blood and extracellular fluid volume and hence blood pressure (BP). AVP has its chief action in kidneys where it reduces flow of urine, increases permeability of convoluted tubules of kidneys to water and its reabsorption. It binds to receptors on sweat glands and decreases water loss by perspiration from the skin. Also, AVP binds to peripheral arteriolar receptors, causing vasoconstriction and increase in BP. The synthesis of vasopressin occurs in paraventricular and supra-optic nuclei of the hypothalamus. The mRNA encoding AVP is translated into preprohormone that is delivered into endoplasmic reticulum with concomitant signal peptide removal. The resulting prohormone is folded and delivered to Golgi apparatus where the precursor is cleaved and post-translationally modified into mature hormone. The newly synthesized neurohormone is …