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The environmental sampling, analysis, and monitoring has been one of the priorities because of its reasons related to the environmental pollution. There is a need for the development of new methods of monitoring that are portable, cost-effective, and fast. Biosensors, because of their unique properties, found great application in the area of environmental monitoring. Although there are some disadvantages of biosensors that obstruct its commercialisation. Some of the obstruction includes regulatory acceptance, lack of sufficient markets for their specific applications, and a large number of potential pollutants and their derivatives.

This chapter provides information about the application of various biosensors for monitoring of various environmental pollutants which includes pesticides, toxins, pathogens, heavy metals, and phenols.