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Background: Acinetobacter baumannii has become a common pathogen causing hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). Although acquiring any nosocomial infection is associated with increased mortality, we do not know if the acquisition of Acinetobacter infection confers a worse prognosis as compared to non-Acinetobacter-related HAI. The aim of the current study is to compare the clinical outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and central line associated blood stream infections (CLABSIs) caused by A. baumannii with those caused by other bacterial pathogens. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted among critically ill adults admitted to a tertiary care hospital in South India from January 2013 to June 2014. We enrolled patients who developed new-onset fever ≥48 h after admission and fulfilled pre-specified criteria for VAP or CLABSI. The patients were followed up until …