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The growing evidence suggests that the disturbance of redox homeostasis in the brain tissue contributes to the process of tissue damage following ischemic stroke (IS). Tracking redox process in situ is critical for diagnosis, treatment and drug design of IS. Monitoring of substances in the reduction system is more suitable than detection of molecules of oxidation system, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), due to their difficult capture of fleeting existence. Glutathione (GSH), a dominated component of reduction system, has higher concentration than other reduced substances and is the major cellular antioxidant for maintaining the redox balance but dramatically decreases during cerebral ischemia. Efficient tools can realize the real-time tracing of endogenous GSH at ultra low concentration during ischemic damage are significant and indispensable for dynamic monitoring the process of IS. Till now, only a few …