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More intense, more frequent, and longer heat‐waves are expected in the future due to global warming, which could have dramatic ecological impacts. Increasing nitrogen (N) availability and its dynamics will likely impact plant responses to heat stress and carbon (C) sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. This field study examined the effects of N availability on plant response to heat‐stress (HS) treatment in naturally‐occurring vegetation. HS (5 d at ambient or 40.5 °C) and N treatments (±N) were applied to 16 1 m² plots in restored prairie vegetation dominated by Andropogon gerardii (warm‐season C₄ grass) and Solidago canadensis (warm‐season C₃ forb). Before, during, and after HS, air, canopy, and soil temperature were monitored; net CO₂ assimilation (P_n), quantum yield of photosystem II (Φ_PSII), stomatal conductance (g_s), and leaf water potential (Ψ_w) of the dominant species and soil respiration (R_soil …