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We performed a prospective cohort study in 197 pregnant women. Peripheral blood was collected between 5 and 16 weeks of gestation. Intracellular cytokine analysis and immunophenotype were performed by flow-cytometry. Serum levels of cytokines and chemokines were analyzed by multiplex assay. 86 patients were eligible for the analysis and 10.5% (n = 9) developed preeclampsia. Patients with preeclampsia had significantly higher percentage of CD3⁺CD4⁺TNFα⁺ T helper (Th) 1 cells (45.4 ± 10.3 vs 37.1 ± 8.5, P = 0.032) and CD3⁺CD4⁺IL17⁺ Th 17 cells (2.4 ± 1.3 vs 1.6 ± 1.1, P = 0.029) when compared to those of patients without preeclampsia. CD3⁺CD4⁺CD25⁺CD127^dim/− T regulatory cells (Treg) cells (5.7 ± 1.2% vs 7.0 ± 1.6%, P = 0.015) were significantly lower in patients with preeclampsia when compared to those without preeclampsia. Patients with preeclampsia had significantly higher TNFα/IL …