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Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogen of major importance in intensive care units worldwide, with the potential to cause problematic outbreaks and acquire high-level resistance to antibiotics. There is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms of A. baumannii pathogenesis for the future development of novel targeted therapies. In this study we performed an in vivo transcriptomic analysis of A. baumannii isolated from a mammalian host with bacteremia.

Mice were infected with A. baumannii American Type Culture Collection 17978 using an intraperitoneal injection, and blood was extracted at 8 hours to purify bacterial RNA for RNA-Seq with an Illumina platform.

Approximately one-quarter of A. baumannii protein coding genes were differentially expressed in vivo compared with in vitro (false discovery rate, ≤0.001 …