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To assess the potential usefulness of 18F-FDG/PET and spiral-CT images concurrent assessment and coregistration in staging mediastinal lymph node involvement in patients with non small cell lung cancer. 28 patients waiting to undergo surgical treatment underwent spiral-CT and PET examinations on the same day. The results of the two studies were interpreted separately, together (CT&PET) and following their fusion in a single image (CT+ PET). Results of spiral-CT, PET, CT&PET and CT+ PET were assessed with respect to the histological diagnosis. A correct assessment of mediastinal lymph nodes was achieved by spiral-CT in 21 of the 28 patients, in 22 of the 28 patients by PET, in 24 patients by CT&PET and in 25 patients by CT+ PET. CT+ PET is more accurate than spiral-CT and PET alone in staging mediastinal lymph node involvement in lung …