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Possible explanations for the observed gender difference in mortality after hip fracture were examined in a cohort of 804 men and women. Mortality during 2 years after fracture was identified from death certificates. Men were twice as likely as women to die, and deaths caused by pneumonia/influenza and septicemia showed the greatest increase.

Introduction: Men are more likely to die after hip fracture than women. Gender differences in predisposing factors and causes of death have not been systematically studied.

Materials and Methods: Participants (173 men and 631 women) in the Baltimore Hip Studies cohort enrolled in 1990 and 1991, at the time of hospitalization for hip fracture, were followed longitudinally for 2 years. Cause‐specific mortality 1 and 2 years after hip fracture, identified from death certificates, was compared by gender and to population rates.

Results and Conclusions: Men were twice as likely …