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Terminal cell differentiation requires the activation of lineage specific effector genes and repression of early progenitor cell genes. The transcription factor GATA1 is a master regulator of the erythroid lineage. It directly activates key genes involved in terminal erythrocyte function such as globins, heme biosynthetic enzymes and iron transporters, while repressing progenitor genes such a GATA2, c-kit and c-Myc. Prior efforts to understand GATA1 mediated gene activation versus repression have been limited by the inability to accurately map GATA1 chromatin occupancy peaks to their respective target genes. In this study, we show that GATA1 physically associates with the cohesin complex. We then performed cohesin-based Chromatin Interaction Analysis with Paired End Sequencing (ChIA-PET) in a GATA1 inducible model of erythroid maturation. This showed that~ 45% of GATA1 chromatin occupancy peaks …