作者
R Zivadinov, K Marr, G Cutter, M Ramanathan, RHB Benedict, C Kennedy, M Elfadil, AE Yeh, J Reuther, C Brooks, K Hunt, M Andrews, E Carl, MG Dwyer, D Hojnacki, B Weinstock-Guttman
发表日期
2011/7/12
期刊
Neurology
卷号
77
期号
2
页码范围
138-144
出版商
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
简介
Background
Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) was recently described in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). A subject is considered CCSVI positive if ≥2 venous hemodynamic (VH) criteria are fulfilled.
Objective
To determine prevalence of CCSVI in a large cohort of patients with MS, clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), other neurologic diseases (OND), and healthy controls (HC), using specific proposed echo-color Doppler (ECD) criteria.
Methods
Transcranial and extracranial ECD were carried out in 499 enrolled subjects (289 MS, 163 HC, 26 OND, 21 CIS). Prevalence rates for CCSVI were calculated in 3 ways: first, using only the subjects for whom diagnosis was certain (i.e., borderline subjects were excluded); secondly, including the borderline subjects in the “no CCSVI” group; and finally, taking into account subjects who presented any of the VH criteria.
Results
CCSVI prevalence with …
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