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AbstractIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the inter tester and intra tester reliability of 5 static and 3 dynamic palpation tests, and three pain provocation tests used to diagnose sacroiliac joint dysfunction.

Five static palpation tests, namely palpation and assessment of the levels of the 1) posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) in standing position, 2) PSIS in sitting position, 3) anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) in standing position, 4) Medial Maleolus (MM) in supine position, and 5) MM in long sitting position, and three dynamic (motion palpation) tests, 1) the Gillet test, 2) the standing flexion test, and 3) the sitting flexion test were performed on ten asymptomatic subjects by four examiners. Each test was performed four times by each examiner resulting in 1280 assessments in total. Pain provocation tests were posterior pelvic pain provocation test (PPPPT) or posterior shear test, patric test, and hip resisted abduction test. The Study included twenty women with chronic low back pain, aged between 20 to 30 years. Each of pain provocation tests were performed two times by two examiners.

Reliability was determined using Kappa Statistic which allows assessment of observer agreement for more than two examiners and multiple examiners. Intra examiner agreement of static palpation tests revealed a range of reliability from slight to good. Kappa coefficient yielded intra examiner agreement that ranged between slight to good for the PSIS in standing position (0.18-0.75), slight to moderate for the ASIS (0.15-0.5), and slight to fair (0.1-0.35) for other static and all motion palpation tests. Inter examiner reliability of all the static …