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Hong Kong parents’ psychological control is evident as relatively high, which might have a negative impact on their children’s life orientation and attitude. Optimism plays a central role in young people’s development, psychological well-being, and health. This study aimed to examine 1) the relationship between parental psychological control and optimism; 2) the mediating role of self-mastery between these two concepts. A cross-sectional study was employed to collect/measure Hong Kong middle-school students’ socio-demographic information, parent psychological control (measured by The Chinese Paternal Psychological Control Scale), self-mastery (measured by The Mastery Scale), and optimism (measured by The Chinese version of the 6-item Revised-Life Orientation Test). Multivariate regression analysis and Baron and Kenny’s four-step approach were adopted for the relationships/mediation …