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Objectives:

To evaluate the efficacy of surgical resection (SR) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) 2 cm or less.

Background:

The optimal management for Barcelona Clínic Liver Cancer (BCLC) very early-stage HCC is undetermined.

Methods:

Between 2002 and 2013, a total of 237 (SR, 109; RFA, 128) patients with BCLC very early-stage HCC were enrolled. Their overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were compared. Propensity score matching analysis identified 79 matched pairs of patients to compare outcomes.

Results:

At baseline, patients with SR were younger and had larger tumors (both P< 0.05). The 5-year OS rates were 81% versus 76%(P= 0.136), whereas 5-year RFS rates were 49% versus 24%(P< 0.001) for SR and RFA groups, respectively. In the propensity model, the baseline variables were well balanced between 2 groups. Surgical resection …