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This paper provides a way to deal with issues related to design for reliability using axiomatic design (AD). A theoretical approach is studied, starting from the traditional theory of AD, in order to help designers to optimize the product's reliability using a structured approach. The aim of this work is to introduce a new method that is able to assess the product reliability using the support of the AD methodology combined with other methods, e.g. FMEA and FTA. The approach developed is called failure mode and effect tree analysis (FMETA). FMETA allows the designer to find the most critical characteristic of the product from a reliability point of view and provides the designer with a set of possible changes. The core of this work is the development of a reliability tree, used to evaluate both the RPN for the component of the product and to find the reliability relation useful for the following optimization. The reliability tree is …