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Digital elevation models (DEMs) are critically important inputs to physically based distributed hydrological modeling. Traditionally, small-scale topographic depressions in DEMs are treated as artifacts because of DEM error and its limited ability to represent real depressions due to the low accuracy and resolution. Hence, they are often removed by depression filling, but this can result in substantial modifications to the DEM and affect the modeled flow paths. With the increasing availability of high accuracy and resolution DEMs, the assumption that all topographic depressions are artifacts no longer holds. To properly account for the representation of surface depressions in DEMs, we devised an alternative approach that (1) retains topographic features likely to be true depressions while removing errors and artificial sinks caused by road embankments and bridges and (2) incorporates an adapted regression-based …