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Pulsed laser ablation of iron rod target in water-based solutions were carried out, varying the ablation parameters. The structural, morphological and compositional characteristics of the nanoparticles were studied by micro-Raman, dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopies and electron scanning microscopy (SEM/STEM). Slight changes in the ablation parameters result in significant variations in the nanoparticles morphology. As observed by STEM imaging, particles size and distribution was tuned from agglomerated to nearly spherical structures, mainly changing the medium (water or polyvinyl alcohol PVA water solution). On the other hand, the polymeric phase increases the iron oxide nanoparticles stability, biocompatibility and interactive functions on the surface. Antimicrobial activity of iron oxide nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus was studied by means of MTT assay. The …