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Introduction: Resistive breathing (RB) is characterized by increased mechanical stress in the lung. Our group has shown that RB induces lung injury in healthy animals. Whether RB exerts additional injurious effects when added to direct pulmonary or extrapulmonary lung injury from gram negative bacteria is unknown. We aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of RB on LPS-induced lung injury.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were either exposed to LPS aerosol (10mg/3ml) (pulmonary) or received an intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg/kg) (extrapulmonary lung injury). Mice were then anaesthetized, the trachea was exposed and a nylon band was sutured around it, to reduce surface area by half. RB through tracheal banding was applied for 24 hours. Respiratory system mechanics were measured, BAL was performed and lung sections were evaluated for histological features of lung injury.

Results: LPS inhalation …