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In healthy individuals, reducing inspired oxygen concentrations to 15% (equivalent to an altitude of ∼2500 metres or usual aircraft cabin pressure) causes an increase in heart rate (HR), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP). The clinical and haemodynamic responses to hypoxia (15% oxygen) have not been reported in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).

Patients with CHF were enrolled who met at least one of the following criteria: NYHA≥III, LVEF <40%, or diuretic dose equivalent to furosemide ≥ 80mg. Patients inspired 15% oxygen from a Douglas bag through a mouthpiece whilst lying supine. Clinical and echocardiographic measurements were performed at baseline and after one hour of hypoxia.

Thirty two CHF patients (mean age and LVEF were 63±13yrs and 33±9% respectively) were recruited. 70% had ischemic heart …