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Lung cancer is the second most common type of cancer globally, with about 2.2 million lung cancer cases diagnosed in 2020, which lead to 1.7 million deaths worldwide [1], representing about one-fifth of the total amount of cancer-related deaths across the world [2]. Based on the histological characteristics, it is often diagnosed as one of two distinct types; non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), that contribute to 86% and 13% of the total lung cancer incidences respectively [3]. NSCLC is originated from lung epithelial cells and classified into several subtypes including squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma, depending on the specific cell subtype from which they originate [2]. SCLC is of neuroendocrine origin, and it is characterized by smaller cells compared to NSCLC. It is also more aggressive compared to NSCLC and has higher metastatic potential …