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Road transport emissions are a major contributor to ambient particulate matter concentrations and have been associated with adverse health effects. Therefore, these emissions are targeted through increasingly stringent European emission standards. These policies succeed in reducing exhaust emissions, but do not address “nonexhaust” emissions from brake wear, tire wear, road wear, and suspension in air of road dust.

Is this a problem? To what extent do nonexhaust emissions contribute to ambient concentrations of PM₁₀ or PM_2.5? In the near future, wear emissions may dominate the remaining traffic-related PM₁₀ emissions in Europe, mostly due to the steep decrease in PM exhaust emissions. This underlines the need to determine the relevance of the wear emissions as a contribution to the existing ambient PM concentrations, and the need to assess the health risks related to wear particles, which has not …