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Spontaneous mutations in fruit‐specific carotenoid biosynthetic genes of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) have led to improved understanding of ripening‐associated carotenogenesis. Here, we confirm that ZDS is encoded by a single gene in tomato transcriptionally regulated by ripening transcription factors RIN, NOR and ethylene. Manipulation of ZDS was achieved through transgenic repression and heterologous over‐expression in tomato. CaMV 35S‐driven RNAi repression inhibited carotenoid biosynthesis in all aerial tissues examined resulting in elevated levels of ζ‐carotene isomers and upstream carotenoids, while downstream all trans‐lycopene and subsequent photoprotective carotenes and xanthophylls were diminished. Consequently, immature fruit displayed photo‐bleaching consistent with reduced levels of the photoprotective carotenes and developmental phenotypes related to a reduction in the …