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Objective:

To study the association of timing, duration, and intensity of hyperglycemia with pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) mortality in critically ill children.

Design:

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:

PICU of a university-affiliated, tertiary care, children's hospital.

Patients:

A total of 152 critically ill children receiving vasoactive infusions or mechanical ventilation.

Interventions:

None.

Methods:

With institutional review board approval, we reviewed a cohort of 179 consecutive children, 1 mo to 21 yrs of age, treated with mechanical ventilation or vasoactive infusions. We excluded 18 with< 3 μg· kg− 1· min− 1 dopamine only, diabetes, or solid organ transplant and nine who died within 24 hrs of PICU admission. Peak blood glucose (BG) and time to peak BG during PICU admission, duration of hyperglycemia (percentage of PICU days with any BG of> 126 mg/dL), and intensity of hyperglycemia (median BG during first 48 …